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Japan's newly elected leader, Takaichi, is set to confront her first major diplomatic examination as she sits down with former US President Donald Trump for important discussions in the Japanese capital.

The focus of their meeting is anticipated to revolve around economic and defense topics, representing a pivotal moment for Tokyo's ties with its powerful ally.

A Historic Premiership and Global Introduction

The new PM, who recently became Japan's initial woman leader after securing the top position of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party, made her international introduction at the recent Asean summit.

But, her upcoming talks with Trump is seen as the real test that will establish the direction for future bilateral cooperation.

Navigating Internal and Global Challenges

The prime minister deals with a potentially unstable government landscape, having formed a partnership that leaves her two seats short of a majority in the influential chamber of parliament.

This means, her government will rely on opposition MPs to approve legislation, adding a layer of complexity to her governance.

Common Views and Differing Policies

Takaichi shares Trump's suspicion of Chinese defense activities in the Asia-Pacific, but each nations have faced challenges from his "America-first" trade approach.

Lately, the former president facilitated a ceasefire agreement between Thailand and Cambodia authorities on the initial stage of his Asian visit.

Defense Expansion and Budget Pledges

Takaichi has expressed her commitment to accelerate Japan's military build-up, planning to raise defense expenditure to 2% of GDP by the end of March.

This step aligns with a long-held demand from the former US leader and represents the biggest defense buildup for the nation since the Second World War.

Security Partnership and Tensions

Japan has also moved to acquire "counterstrike" abilities, including Tomahawk missiles from the US, and intends to deploy domestically developed longer-range systems.

However, the bilateral defense agreement is still a source of strain, with the former president previously suggesting that the nation should pay more for stationing American troops on its territory.

Economic Expectations and Talks

Few expect major concessions on economic matters during the visit, particularly after latest duty changes provided a degree of relief to Japan's export sector.

Takaichi is expected to pursue further relief by promising greater acquisitions of US goods, including vehicles, soybeans, and natural gas.

Personal Rapport and the Abe Connection

The value the former president places on personal rapport could work in Takaichi's advantage, given her close ties with the late former prime minister Abe, who was among Trump's favorite world leaders.

He was the initial international figure to visit the then president-elect after his election, and the two built a strong bond over mutual activities such as the sport.

Forthcoming Agenda and Regional Significance

Trump's trip to the country will start with a audience with the Emperor at the Imperial Palace in the capital.

It will be succeeded by talks with the PM at the official residence, the very location where he held talks with Abe in previous years.

Subsequently, the former president will proceed to the Republic of Korea for the Apec meeting, where he is scheduled to engage with Chinese president Xi Jinping.